How to Invest and Avoid Major Mistakes

Knowing how to invest is more important today than ever before. With Social Security and company pensions questionable at best, Americans need to learn to invest for their own future financial security. Here are some pointers and major mistakes to avoid if you don't feel real comfortable as an investor.

Learning how to invest is really not much different than learning how to play any other game. First, you need a general understanding of the objective and the rules. Second, focus on the basic aspects of the game. Then, concentrate on avoiding major mistakes while you hone your skills and develop a winning strategy.

Your objective as an investor should be to earn higher than average investment returns over the long term with only a moderate level of risk. To do this you will need to manage a diversified investment portfolio that includes safe investments, bonds, and equities (stocks). It's a major mistake to keep all of your money in the bank at low interest rates because at that rate of return you won't stay ahead of inflation after paying income taxes. Totally trusting a financial planner or going it alone without any investment help can also be expensive mistakes for the average investor.

So, the question is how to invest with a diversified portfolio and investment help you can afford and trust. The answer is to invest in mutual funds: money market funds for safety and interest, bond funds to earn higher interest income, and equity or stock funds for higher potential returns and long term growth. Mutual funds are designed for folks with little more than a grasp of investment basics. They select the individual investment securities for their investors as a group and professionally manage a portfolio based on the fund's stated financial objectives.

By investing across the board in all three basic mutual fund types you can achieve balance while keeping risk at a moderate level. For example, losses in stock funds can be offset in part by the relative safety and interest income from money market and bond funds. As a general rule of thumb, all but the oldest of investors need some money in stocks to boost profits and stay ahead of inflation and taxes. How much of your total portfolio you allocate to stock funds vs. money market and bond funds will depend on your age and risk tolerance.

If you're not real comfortable with how to invest but know that you need to anyway, start investing in mutual funds. If you invest equal amounts in all three of the basic fund types you can get started with only a moderate level of risk while avoiding major costly mistakes. Then take your game and investment strategy to a higher level by doing some homework with the assistance of a good investing guide.